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POINT OF VIEW

Point of view refers to how a story is told. It is the perspective from which an author presents the setting, characters, actions, and events of a narrative. Traditionally, literary critics distinguish two elements in point of view: person and position. Person refers to the one who tells the story, the narrator. The narrator may speak in the first person or third person. In the first-person narration, the narrator tells his story using first-person personal pronouns.

In the third-person narration, the narrator recounts events "in the manner of an impersonal historical account."

Position, on the other hand, refers to the vantage point from which the narrator tells his story.

The narrator's position involves both his knowledge and his values.

In terms of knowledge, the narrator may be either omniscient or limited. A first-person narrator invariably operates from a limited point of view since the story filters though his eyes or consciousness and is restricted to his knowledge.

On the other hand, a third-person narrator may be omniscient, knowing everything inside-out, or limited in knowledge, ranging from less than divine to more ignorant than his audience.

In terms of values, every narrator has an ideological standpoint from which he approaches his material. His evaluations of events and characters will reflect his value system. Not only does the narrator's value system play a role in the text's formative background, shaping its selection, arrangement, and presentation, but it also constitutes a crucial aspect of the message he desires to communicate to the reader.

(from http://bible.org/seriespage/chapter-4-analysis-point-view-ezra)

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