Page 183 ex. 1
A) The Agrarian Revolution: Mechanical horse-drawn reaper invented by Rev. Patrick bell around 1828 in Scotland.
B) The Industrial Revolution: Cotton factory in Preston, Lancashire, in 1830. Private Collection.
C) The French Revolution: Eugene Delacroix, Liberty leading the people, 1830. Musée du Louvre, Paris, France.
Ex.2
Technologies; inventions; sources of power; steam engine; manufacture; waterways; enclosure; improvements.
Ex.5
- New TECHNOLOGIES and INVENTIONS brought radical changes and IMPROVEMENTS in both agriculture and industry.
- The uses water as a SOURCE OF POWER. The use of water allows industries to be placed anywhere, and not necessarily close to the SOURCH OF POWER.
- New TECHNOLOGIES caused an increase in MANUFACTURE and a decrease in employed people.
- New WATERWAYS allowed an increase in trade.
- The ENCLOSURE of open fields and common lands caused rural population to decrease.
Page 184 ex.1
When someone’s invention becomes famous, in my country but not only, people remember his name, usually with statues.
Page 185 ex.1
The work in industries probably had bad consequences because of pollution and because of breathing bad materials. However, industries surely had positive consequences: machines made people’s lives less hard and probably longer, since they had to labour less.
Ex 2
1)Population – population moved from to north and midlands.
2)Coal fields – coal fields provide fuel to factories
3)Towns – workers lived in “mushroom towns”
4)Women and children – women and children were employed in factories but were paid less
5)Working hours – labourers worked for many hours
6)Living conditions – worker’s living conditions were terrible
7)Public services – cities didn’t have public services
8)Air and water – Industries caused air and water to get polluted
9)Houses – the workers’ houses were overcrowded
10)Life expectancy – worker’s life expectancy was very low.
Ex 3
-to
-more
-per
-could
-was
-who
-had
-factory
-them
-actually
-by
Ex. 4
1. It was around 15 per cent.
2. Children were chosen because they were cheaper, malleable and able to learn fast.
No, it wasn’t. Farmers and artisans already employed children before the Industrial Revolution.