FOCUS NOW

Ex.1 p158

1) I’m not going to school next Monday. I’m going to the dentist’s.
2) Sarah is going away in two weeks’ time.
3) The doctor is coming to see you at five.
4) Are you working late tonight?
5) They are having a party Saturday.
6) ‘When is she playing tennis?’ ‘Tomorrow at four’
7) ‘When is the train leaving?’ ‘At 6,30.’
8) ‘Are you watching the football match this evening?’ ‘Yes, we are.’

 

Ex.1 p158

1)      When are you going to start working for that company?

2)      She is going to tell them later.

3)      ‘Are you going to invite her?’ ‘No, I’m not.’

4)      I’m not going to pay.

5)      The driver’s driving too fast! He is going to crash!

6)      The sun’s shining. It’s going to be a lovely day!

7)      Be careful with that vase. It’s going to break!

8)      Be careful with that chair. You are going to fall off!

 

Ex.2 p159

Next year I’m going to change my life!
I’m going to be more friendly. I’m not going to go shopping with my friends every week.
I’m going to do yoga. I’m not going to forget my girlfriend’s birthday.
I’m going to tidy my room every week. I’m going to learn how to cook.

 

Ex.1 p159

1. How long will the flight take?: prediction
2. I think she will come.: opinion
3. I will send you a postcard!: promise
4. In the future, people will live longer.: future fact
5. OK, I will have a burger and a coke!: hope

 

Ex.2 p159

1. Mum is seeing the dentist this afternoon.
2. It’s my birthday next month, but I won’t have a party.
3. Brrr, it’s cold in here! I think I will turn the heatig on.
4. What are you going to do later? Do you want to go for a coffee?
5. My cousin is getting married in May.
6. Sorry, I can’t talk npw. I will call you back later.
7. ‘These bags are so heavy.’
   ‘I will carry them for you.’
8. Will you study in London or in Brighton?

 

Ex.3 p159

1. A customer at a café:
   I’ll have a big glass of orange juice, please.
2. Someone who was invited to a picnic on Saturday:
   I can’t come. My uncle is going to paint his house and I’m going to help him.
3. Someone who’s just heard about uncle Bob’s problem: What? Uncle Bob is going to paint his house all by myself on Saturday? I’ll help him!
4. Someone who’s just heard about her plans for the new year: I’m helping African charities this year.

 

Ex.4 p159

1. ‘What time is your plane?’
   ‘We are catch the nine o’clock flight so we’d better hurry!’
2. ‘What are your holiday plans this year?’
   ‘Well, we aren’t going to Spain in this year as we usually do. It’s holiday at home for us this summer!’
3. ‘Any ideas about what to do when you leave school, Tom?’
   ‘Yes, I’ve decided that I’m going to study archaeology.’
4. ‘Do you want to go shopping with me on Saturday?’
   ‘I’d love to, but I’m not sure I will have enough money.’
5. ‘Do you want to go out this evening?’
   ‘I’m too tired. I’m staying at home and listen to music all evening!’
6. ‘Could you ask your parents to help you tomorrow?’
   ‘I can’t – they are going to paint the living room.’
7. ‘Hi Jemma. How are you?’
   ‘Hi James. Sorry, I’m a bit busy – I will phone you in a minute, OK?’
8. ‘What would you like to eat?’
   ‘I think I will have a pizza.’

 

Ex.1 p160

If Joe passes all his exams, his parents will buy him a car.

My teacher won't mind my essay tomorrow.

If Ella doesn't find a job this year, she will do voluntary work to get experience.

They will miss all their friends if they choose to go abroad.

If the school uniform will be compulsory next year, we will have to wear it.

If John drops PE and Art, he will have more time for academic subjects.

Will you help me with my homework if I have a problem?

Sandra won't do a gap year if she doesn't collect some money.

 

Ex.2 p160

We will raise our standard of living if the country's resources.

He won't have another accident if he drives carefully.

If that branch falls down, it will hit your bicycle.

If you score another goal, you will win the match.

If a new university is built here, there will be more places available for students.

If I have enough money, I will buy a new house.

 

Ex.3 p160

Hi Clare,

thank you for your email.

I'm working for a new company now. It's a new job, so I can't come to Italy for the time begin. I need to save money first!

If I save enough money when the summer holidays start, I will try to come the if that's ok.

Besides, if I ask my employer for holiday now, he will certainly say no!

But if I wait until the summer holidays, he will probably say yes. So, I will come back in August if everything be ok.

Tell Serena I am very glad she's planning a trip to London next week. The city's full of tourists at the moment, so if she can't find a room in a hotel, I will be glad to have her at my place.

If she comes on the first week of April, Martha will be abroad and Serena can sleep in her bedroom. How's Mum? Will you phone me if there are any problem?

Lots of love,

 

Ex.4 p160

If I see Andrew, I'll tell him the news.

If I change my job, I'll be happier.

If the train late, we will walk.

If It costs too much, I will buy a cheaper one.

I will ask Tom if I see him tis afternoon.

 

Ex.5 p160

I will get a place at university if I study a lot.

If I don't get a place at university, I will try to find a job.

If my timetable is very demanding next year, I will delate some activities.

I won't get good marks if I don't study hard.

If I don't get a good job, I will find a new one.

I will move house if I have some money.

I will travel round the word if I found a good friends.

If I get stressed about my next exams, I will do some exercises.

I will do voluntary work if there are some voluntary work for people under 18 years.

 

Ex.1 p162

1)If everybody went to university nobody would want to do hard physical work.

2)Buses wouldn't be so crowed if more people worked from home.

3If people didn't apply for low-paid jobs, salaries would go up.

4)Family relationship would improve if parents spent more time with their children.

5)You would be happier if you had an interesting and well-paid job.

6)If I were you , I would go and see a doctor.

7)Her grades would be better if she studied harder.

8)Would you take this job if they offered you?.

9)If you explained the situation to your teacher , he would understand.

10)What would you do if you could live your life over again?

 

Ex.2 p162

1)If lesson wasn't too long, it wouldn't be boring.

2)If our teacher didn't explain things clearly, we couldn't understand his lessons.

3)If I didn't know the meaning of that word, I would look it up.

4)If this exercise wasn't easy most people wouldn't get the correct answer.

5)If I didn't know the answer I wouldn't tell you.

 

Ex.3 p162

1) If she worked harder, she would pass her exams.

2)If we catched the early train, we would get there on time.

3)If you setted the alarm clock , you wouldn't oversleep.

4)If you cooked the dinner, I would do the washing-up afterwards.

5)If you took the trouble to read comprehension exercise carefully, you would pass the test.

 

Ex.4 p162

1)Of you drove carefully, you wouldn't have so many accidents.

2)If I were you, I'd go to university.

3)If she finds out, she'll be angry.

4)If she goes abroad, she'll learn a foreign language.

5)If it snows this winter, we'll go skiing.

6)If they offered you that job, would you take it?

7)If he had more money, he'd buy a new car.

8)If she studied harder, she would get better grades.

9)If he found out, he'd be very angry.

 

Ex.1 p166

1) When I got to the station, the train left.

When I got to the station, the train had left.

2) When the police arrived, the burglars escaped.

When the police arrived, the burglars had escaped.

3) When I phoned him, he had left the house

When I phoned him, he left the house

4)When the investigator arrived, the case was solved

When the investigator arrived, the case had been solved

5)When she left school, she travelled a lot

 When she left school, she had travelled a lot

 

Ex.2 p166

1)When Queen Victoria died, she had reigned for over 60 years.

2)Nobody understood how he had managed to pass the examination without studying.

3)When Martin Luther King died, he had made over 3,000 speeches.

4)When I returned from the holidays, discovered someone had broken into my apartment.

5)The results were better than anyone had expected.

6)Fortunately, the driver discovered that he had taken the wrong road.

7)When I found my purse, someone had taken money out of it.

8)After she had seen the police, Becky felt better.

9)Paul had been late before, so Clare wasn't very worried.

 

Ex.3 p166

1. A detective found that the thieves had escaped abroad.
2. When the new evidence was found, the suspect had been released from prison.
3. The police knew that the robbers had driven away in a black Jeep.
4. I couldn’t call the police because the mugged had taken my mobile phone.

 

Ex.4 p166

Sue knew Tokyo very well. She had been there several times and she had also spent a lot of  time there before going to the States. Now she was back, she was happy to see the same old places. 

She was in her hotel room when suddenly the earth started to shake. She ran down to the reception, where people, tourists for the most part, were beginning to gather. They all went out into the street. She had never been so frightened. 

The next day, she phoned her friend Aiko, the girl she had come to meet. They met at the corner of the street. They hardly recognised each other because they hadn’t met since they were young. Eventually, Sue told her about the earthquake. But Aiko told Sue she hadn’t been at all afraid. Earthquakes were common in Japan, and most houses were built to resist them. When the earth started shaking, she had already gone to bed, and there she stayed until the next day.

 

Ex.1 p167

1. “We saw the burglars in the office”, said Mrs Reid. ~ Mrs Reid told them that they had seen the burglars in the office.
2. “I have never been witness to a crime before”, said Mr Ross. ~ Mr Ross said they he had never been witness to a crime before.
3. “I feel very frightened “, said Miss Hill. ~ Miss Hill said that she felt very frightened.
4. “I still shaking”, added Miss Hill. ~ Miss Hill added that she was still shaking.
5. “I can’t stop thinking about the burglary”, said Mrs Reid. ~ Mrs Reid said  that he couldn’t stop thinking about the burglary.
6. “I haven’t been to the office since the burglary”, added Mrs Reid. ~ Mrs Reid added that he hadn’t been to the office since the burglary.

 

Ex.2 p167

1. She said to the police: “I haven’t seen the robber.”
2. Clare told the police she didn’t know about the robbery.
3. Sam said he worked for the police.
4. Laura said she had seen the thieves climbing up the ladder.
5. “I saw the thieves climbing up the ladder” Laura said to the police.
6. Te police said the investigation had finished.
7. They told me not to open the door.
8. He told me he met a strange man on the stairs.
9. The investigator said the murderer had made a mistake.
10. She said she couldn’t identify the robber.
11. She said to the investigator: “I don’t think it’s the same man.”

 

Ex.3 p167

1. He told to the police officer he was twenty.
2. He told to the police officer he wasn’t twenty.
3. He told to his mother he was watching a film.
4. He told to his wife he wasn’t doing the shopping.
5. He told to the company he had been out of work for a long time.
6. He told to the teacher he had wanted to go to university.
7. He told to his dad he hadn’t worked in an office.
8. He told to the police he could prove it.
9. He told to the detective he couldn’t tell her the truth.

 

Ex.4 p167

1. Sue said her mom was arriving at 4.
2. Mum and Dad said the car wasn’t at their house. They had taken it to the garage.
3. Tom said he hadn’t met his new boss yet.
4. Pat told me he couldn’t meet me on Friday.
5. Ruth said she had given the present to Laura.

 

 

GRAMMAR IN PROGRESS

Ex.1 p469

1. The train hasn’t left yet, so I’ll wait until it leaves.
2. Alistair is going to buy a new pair of sunglasses when he has enough money.
3. They’ll have a swim as soon as the water gets warmer.
4. Lucia has had that car once she got married.
5. By the time I got to the stadium, the match was over.
6. We have to talk to Mr. Higgins as soon as he arrives at school.
7. I like this film, I’ll go out after it finishes.
8. Robbie can’t play tennis till he completely recovers from his backache.

 

Ex.2 p469

1. I’ll wait for you till the bus arrives.
2. By the time you get home, I will have already fallen asleep.
3. I always check my emails every day as soon as I arrive at my office.
4. Please, don’t deliver us the goods after 15^th. We’ll go on holiday on the 16^th!
5. Once I have passed my driving, I will go to school by car.
6. I love staying on the beach until it gets dark!
7. My Dad wants to remain in his house as long as he lives.
8. Before going to the police, look again in all the drawers! I’m sure your passport is there!
9. As we were waiting for the bus, it started to pour!
10. Zelda has worked as a nurse in this hospital since she moved to Dublin.

 

Ex.3 p469

1. A woman asked for some soup in a restaurant. After the waiter had brought her the soup, she found a fly in it. As soon as she saw it, the woman called the waiter and before she could say anything, the waiter said:” Yes , Madame, you’ve been very lucky...you’ve found a fly in your soup. Please, don’t speak too loudly, or everyone will want one!”

 

2. A man goes to the doctor and says, “Doctor, when I touch my body, I hurt all over. When I touch my leg, it hurts. If I touch my head, it hurts. And if I touch my chest, it hurts. And when I touch a part of my body, I have a terrible pain in my hand!” The doctor examined the man and said:”. Mr. Smith, the problem is not your body. Your finger is broken!”.

 

Ex.4 p469

1) A doctor calls his patient and says: "The check you gave me for my bill came back". The patient replied: "So did my cold!"

2) The teacher says: “I wish you’d pay a little attention, Victoria.” “I am paying as little as I can Mrs. Sanders,” said Victoria.

3) Where do zombies go swimming?

In the Dead Sea!

 

Ex.5 p469

1. By the time I’ve finished my homework, it had passed the whole afternoon.
2. Just as my teacher walked in aisle, the whole class and I were quiet.
3. She’ll be sorry when I will die in a car accident.
4. It’s not that cold once you turn on the stove with some pellet.
5. The horse galloped away as soon as he heard the loud noise.
6. Rudy will talk about music until he’ll be interested in something else.
7. Don’t leave after I will be back.
8. June was running for the bus when he left for the next stop.

 

Ex.6 p470

1. Let’s have some rest while the kids are playing at our neighbours’ house!
2. I won’t leave the room until you finish doing your homework!
3. I’ll sing this song as long as I like!
4. Don’t disturb me while I’m studying!
5. This poem will live as long as men can breathe.
6. While Melania was having a shower, I was talking to her mum in the sitting room.
7. He can work here until the end of May.

 

Ex.7 p471

1. On arriving at school, I realised I hadn’t brought my schoolbag!!!
2. Joshua took my hand. Then he looked at me and asked me to get married to him.
3. Julie has suffred from headaches for months. Finally she understood it was due to the fact that she couldn’t see well and she needed a new pair of glasses.
4. Peter was laying in the table. In meantime his sister was cooking some pasta.
5. I had been asking him the same questions for hours. In the end he answered me!
6. At first I thought the flat was too small for us, but whn I saw the view, I decided to rent it all the same!
7. I went to the lecture and I tried to take notes, buti t was really difficult for more. After a while I understood I wasn’t listening to a lecture about Economics but to a lecture about Physics!
8. Cecily and Theresa! Don’t do anything till I tell you!
9. The moment that I saw him, I immediately recognized him even if 20 years had passed since I last saw him.
10. You can visit us next summer and stay as long as you like because we ahve avery big house!
11. I had a dog ten years ago, Buck. He was wonderful, but then he died and I haven’t had a dog ever since.

 

Ex.8 p471

1. While the bride walked up the aisle the bridegroom’s eyes glistened.
2. At first Connie and Steven didn’t like other, but they were each classmate.
3. Afterwards they began to study together and then they got engaged.
4. On later Steven asked his stepbrother Liam to be his best man.
5. Some time later they decided to get married in the church where had got married Connie’s parents.
6. In the meantime Connie asked her stepsister Camille to be her bridesmaid.
7. Liam and Camille wouldn’t accept their proposal that Connie and Steven were very worried.
8. Finally the two extended families accepted saying they were happy for their relationship.
9. In the end Connie and Steven’s relatives, colleagues and close friends took part about 300 in wedding.

classmates = compagni di classe
get engaged = fidanzarsi
stepbrother = fratellastro
best man = testimone
parents = genitori
stepsister = sorellastra
bridesmaid = damigella d’onore
extended families = famiglie allargate
relationship = relazione
relatives = parenti
colleagues = colleghi
close friends = amici stretti
wedding = matrimonio

 

Ex.9 p471

My favourite couple is made by two of my friends. Their name are Jack and Mary. The have known each other since primary school, where they met. Later, they have become a couple, during the middle school. I like them because they are very discrete and they never show too much their relationship. However, they are still together, despite quarrels and time.

 

Ex.10 p471

1. Just when I was about to fall asleep, the phone rang.
2. Once you know how to speak well in English, you will be my guide in London.
3. As soon as the race ended, the public began to enter the circuit to better see the prize giving ceremony.
4. Afert I finished washing the floor, I dropped a bottle full of oli and I had to wash the floor again!!!
5. Wake me up before you leave home so we can have breakfast together!
6. Yesterday was by far the best day of my life. I will remember ita s long as I live.
7. When I went to school as a child, I always met a tall and elegant lady. Then suddenly I didn’t see her anymore. Some time later, I met her again and found out that she was our principal’s wife.
8. At first Michela didn’t want to tell us where she would go for her honeymoon. Then he told us it was a very original journey. In the end she told us that she would go to Tibet… and that her boyfriend knew nothing about it.

 

 

Ex.11 p472                                              

1. The students were complaining because their Greek teacher didn’t let them have their break.

2. Because of the heavy rain, there were floods throughout the area.

3. due to her great musical talent, Candice won the singing competition.

4. Harvey missed the bus given his getting up too late.

5. Brittany’s success is entirely owing to her determination and hard work.

6. having already visited the shrine, I waited for my friends outside.

 

Ex.12 p473

1. I was driving slowly because of the very thick fog.

I was driving slowly due to the very thick fog.

2. Having some guests for dinner, I made a cake. As I have some guests for dinner, I made a cake.

3. They asked him to resign in view of his lack of responsibility.

They asked him to resign in view of the fact that he was irresponsible.

4. Given that she is afraid of dogs, I think Rose will not adopt a puppy!

Given her fear of dogs, I think Rose will not adopt a puppy.

5. Since it was Camilla’s birthday, we gave her a bunch of flowers.

We gave Camilla a bunch of flowers beacause it was her birthday.

6. Sean was worried because he had sent the wrong invoice.

Sean’s worry because of the wrong invoice he had sent.

 

Ex.13 p473

1. Jason got the sack owing to his always being late for work.
2. I didn’t accept that job because the pay was very low.
3. The match was interrupt due to the really bad weather condition.
4. The film premiere has been cancelled owing to a malfuntion in the computer system.
5. Probably the car accident was due to the thick fog and high speed.
6. I couldn’t see anything because i had left my glasses at home.
7. We couldn’t carry out any experiments because of the high costo f the project.
8. They stopped the restoration of the castle because of the director’s serious illness.

 

Ex.15 p473

1. Yesterday I lost my bus because of my getting up too late.
2. As the hotel was very nice, we decided to stay there two more nights.
3. Since everyone said that house was full of ghosts, no one wanted to buy it.
4. Given your love for swimming, you could build a nice swimming in your garden.
5. I couldn’t send any email due to a black out which had been lasting the whole yesterday afternoon.
6. Having lost my credit card, I went to the bank to block it.
7. Michele’s win is due to the fact that he has been training very hard for months.
8. Because of the earthquake, a lot of people saw their house falling down.

 

Ex.16 p473

1. No, in inglese “finché” non è seguito da una negazione. Inoltre in italiano si usa il verbo al futuro dopo “finché”, mentre in inglese si usa al presente.
2. Benedetta deve usare “in case”, poiché in italiano significa “eventualmente”. “Eventually” invece è un falso amico, e significa “infine”.
3. Si possono usare “because of”, “due to” o “owing to”, poiché significano “a causa di”.

 

Ex.17 p475

He went out so quickly that he didn't take off his slippers!

They are such a lot friendly people that it's pleasant to spend time with them.

Foxes are often killed for their fur. Therefore their number is decreasing.

The restaurant service was very bad. As a result the customers often complained about it.

The house had so few rooms that, when our third son was born, we decided to move.

So amazing was the view that we admired it in silence for a long time.

 

Ex.18 p475

The tsunami is melting gradually. As a consequence we have more and more floods.

Due to the number of factories in the area there were so many fumes that the air was unbreathable.

There has been such an increase in global warming that the weather has changed al over the world and there are frequent heatwaves even in generally cool areas.

Owing to changes in the weather there are so hurricanes and tornadoes nowadays that no area in the world seems to be as safe as it was in the past.

Such a lot of powerful was the ice cap that more than 150 kms of the coastline was swept away!

The volcano was still active but it hadn't erupted for 80 years. Therefore people were worried about it erupting.

 

Ex.19 p475

Cloud was alone for three hours so nobody control him.

He destroyed as a result three woollen cushions on the sofa.

There was so many object all around the room that you couldn't walk into it.

Cloud played so much with the potting compost that the floor was all dirty.

He opened so many drawers that all the knives and forks were on the floor.

All the house was such in a mess that Jackie almost fainted. 

Jackie was very tidy woman therefore she was furious and she begun shouting.

When Jackie begun shouting so Cloud was frightened that it pee on the carpet!

 

Ex.20 p475

There was so many things around the room, a few books of the table, a little snacks on the floor therefore you couldn't walk around the room. 

 

Ex.21 p475

I have a lot of things to do for tomorrow, so I can't go to the beach.

The thunder was so strong that we thought it was a bomb.

There are so many services in this city that I can decide to move there.

The Parliament have just approved a law about fur. Consequently only the once concise can be product and sell.

Students have studied not much. As a result just a few of them have made a test.

Alexia hasn't understood that we would gone to an elegant restaurant. Therefore she has wore a pair fo jeans and a tshirt.