Grammar in Progress

Pag. 469 es. 1
Sottolinea l’alternativa corretta.
1. The train hasn’t left yet, so I’ll wait until it leale.
2. Alistair is going to buy a new pair of sunglasses when he has enough money.
3. They’ll have a swim as soon as the water gets warmer.
4. Lucia has had that car since she got married.
5. By the time I got to the stadium, the match was over.
6. We have to talk to Mr. Higgins as he arrives at school.
7. I like this film. I’ll go out after it finishes.
8. Robbie can’t play tennis till he completely recovers from his backache.

es. 2
Completa le frasi con i seguenti connettivi di tempo.
1. I’ll wait for you till the next bus arrives.
2. By the time you get home, I will have already fallen asleep.
3. I always check my emails every day as soon as I arrive at my office.
4. Please, don’t deliver us the goods after the 15th. We’ll go on holiday on the 16th!
5. Once I have passed my driving test, I will go to school by car.
6. I love staying on the beach until it gets dark!
7. My Dad wants to remain in his house as long as he lives!
8. Before going to the police, look again in all the drawers! I’m sure your passport is there!
9. As we were waiting for the bus, it started to pour!
10. Zelda has worked as a nurse in this hospital since she moved to Dublin.

es. 3
Completa le barzellette con un connettivo di tempo appropriato.
1. A woman asked for some soup in a restaurant. After the waiter had brought her the soup, she found a fly in it. As soon as she saw it, the woman called the waiter and before she could say anything, the waiter said: ‘Yes, Madam, you’ve been very lucky... you’ve found a fly in your soup. Please, don’t speak too loudly, or everyone will want one!’
2. A man goes to the doctor and says, ‘Doctor, when I touch my body, I hurt all over. When I touch my leg, it hurts. If I touch my head, it hurts. And if I touch my chest, it hurts. And when I touch a part of my body, I have a terrible pain in my hand!’ The doctor examined the man and said ‘Mr Smith, the problem is not your body. Your finger is broken!’

es. 4
Trova altre tre barzellette inglesi da raccontare in classe. Chi di voi ha trovato la barzelletta più divertente?
1. Teacher: “Jack, what do you know about the Dead Sea?” Jack: “I didn’t even know it was ill”
2. Mother: “Why did you swallow the money I gave you?” Son: “Well, you did say it was my lunch money!”
3. What is the longest word in the English language? “Smiles”. Because there is a mile between its firts and last letters!

es. 5
Completa liberamente le seguenti frasi usando almeno sei parole.
1. By the time I’ve finished my homework, I had gone out with my friends.
2. Just as my teacher walked in the classroom, we were making confusion.
3. She’ll be sorry when you will do it, too.
4. It’s not that cold once you wear the scarf.
5. The horse galloped away as soon as he saw her.
6. Rudy will talk about music until he’ll lose interest.
7. Don’t leave after the 19th. The highway is closed for works.
8. June was running for the bus when it left.

Pag. 470 es. 6
Completa le seguenti frasi con until, as long as, while.
1. I won’t leave the room until you finish doing your homework!
2. I’ll sing this song as long as I like!
3. Don’t disturb me while I’m studying!
4. This poem will live until men can breathe.
5. While Melania was having a shower, I was talking to her mum in the sitting room.
6. He can work here until the end of May.

Pag. 471 es. 7
Sottolinea l’alternativa corretta.
1. Joshua took my hand. Then he looked at me and asked me to get married to him.
2. Julie had suffered from headaches for months. Finally she understood it was due to the fact that she couldn’t see well and she needed a new pair of glasses.
3. Peter was laying the table. In the meantime his sister was cooking some pasta.
4. I had been asking him the same questions for hours. In the end he answered me!
5. At first I thought the flat was too small for us, but when I saw the view, I decided to rent it all the same!
6. I went to the lecture and I tried to take notes, but it was really difficult for me. After a while I understood I wasn’t listening to a lecture about Economics but to a lecture about Physics!
7. Cecily and Theresa! Don’t do anything till I tell you!
8. The moment that I saw him, I immediately recognized him even if 20 years had passed since I last saw him.
9. You can visit us next summer and stay as long as you like because we have a very big house!
10. I had a dog ten years ago, Buck. He was wonderful, but then he died and I haven’t had a dog ever since.

es. 8
Oggi Connie e Steven si sposano e tanti parenti e amici partecipano all’evento. Riordina le parole per formare frasi corrette. Trova poi tutte le espressioni collegate all’area lessicale delle parentele e delle relazioni affettive o sociali e traducile.
1. At first Connie and Steven didn’t like each other but they were classmates.
2. Afterwards they began to study together and then they got engaged.
3. Later on Steven asked his stepbrother Liam to be his best man.
4. Some time later they decided to get married in the church where Connie’s parents had got married.
5. In the meantime Connie asked her stepsister Camille to be her bridesmaid.
6. Connie and Steven were very worried that Liam and Camille wouldn’t accept their proposal.
7. Finally the two extended families accepted saying they were happy for their relationship.
8. In the end about 300 relatives, colleagues and close friends took partin Connie and Steven’s wedding.

classmates: compagni di classe
get engaged: fidanzarsi
stepbrother: fratellastro
best man: testimone
parents: genitori
stepsister: sorellastra
bridesmaid: damigella d’onore
extended families: famiglie allargate
relationship: relazione
relatives: parenti
colleagues: colleghi
close friends: amici stretti
wedding: matrimonio

es. 9
Chi è la coppia di parenti o amici dei tuoi genitori che preferisci? Chiedi loro come si è sviluppata la loro storia d’amore e scrivi poi un breve testo per descriverla.

My parents are my favourite couple!
They met when my mother was 16 and my father 19. It was already late that evening and instead of returning home, she decided to stop at a village party in Ruda. When he arrived, my father saw her and was enchanted. The thing that makes me laugh and that was a sign of fate is that he was talking to my mother’s cousin. The latter, noting my father’s interest, called my mother close to them and introduced him to him. From that day on, they never separated, they married and have been together for 25 years.

es. 10
Traduci le seguenti frasi.
1. Just as I was about to fall asleep, the phone rang!
2. Once you know how to speak well in English, you will be my guide in London!
3. As soon as the race ended, the public began to enter the circuit to better see the prize giving ceremony.
4. After I had finished washing the floor, I dropped a full bottle of oil and I had to wash the floor again!!!
5. Wake me up before you leave home so we can have breakfast together!
6. Yesterday was by far the best day ofmy life. I will remember it as long as I live!
7. When I went to scholl as a child, I always met a tall and elegant lady. Then, suddenly, I didn’t see her anymore. Some time later, I met her again and found out that she was our principal’s wife!
8. At first Michela didn’t want to tell us where she would go for her honeymoon. Then she told us it was a very original journey. Finally she told us that she would go to Tibet... and that her boyfriend knew nothing about it!!!

Pag. 472 es. 11
Completa le frasi con le seguenti parole.
1. The students were complaining because their Greek teacher didn’t let them have their break.
2. Owing to the heavy rain, there were floods throughout the area.
3. Given her great musical talent, Candice won the singing competition.
4. Harvey missed the bus due to his getting up too late.
5. Brittany’s success is entirely because of her determination and hard work.
6. Having already visited the shrine, I waited for my friends outside.

Pag. 473 es. 12
Completa la seconda frase in modo che abbia lo stesso significato della prima. Non puoi usare più di tre parole.
1. I was driving slowly because of the very thick fog. - I was driving slowly due to the very thick fog.
2. Having some guests for dinner, I made a cake. - As I had some guests for dinner, I made a cake.
3. They asked him to resign in view of his lack of responsibility. - They asked him to resign in view of the fact that he was irresponsible.
4. Given that she is afraid of dogs, I think Rose will not adopt a puppy! - Given her fear of dogs, I think Rose will not adopt a puppy!
5. Since it was Camilla’s bithday, we gave her a bunch of flowers. - We gave Camilla a bunch of flowers because it was her birthday.
6. Sean was worried because he had sent the wrong invoice. - Sean’s worry beacause of the wrong invoice he had sent.

es. 13
Collega le frasi della prima e della terza colonna usando i connettivi nella colonna centrale. Puoi usarli anche più di una volta.
1. Jason got the sack owing to his always being late for work.
2. I didn’t accept that job because the pay was very low.
3. The match was interrupted due to the really bad weather conditions.
4. The film premiere has been cancelled owing to the director's serious illness.
5. Probably the car accident was due to the thick fog and high speed.
6. I couldn’t see anything because I had left my glasses at home.
7. We couldn’t carry out any experiments beacuse of a malfunction in the computer system.
8. They stopped the restoration of the castle because of the high cost of the project.

es. 15
Traduci le seguenti frasi.
1. I missed the bus yesterday because I woke up too late.
2. As the hotel was very beautiful, we decided to spend two more nights there.
3. Since everybody said that the house was full of ghosts, nobody wanted to buy it.
4. Given your love for swimming, you could build a lovely swimming pool in your garden.
5. I couldn't send any emails due to a black out that lasted all yesterday afternoon.
6. Having lost my credit card, I went to the bank to block it.
7. Michele’s victory is due to the fact that he trained a lot for months!
8. Owing to the earthquake, lots of people saw their houses collapsing.

es. 16
Ripensa alle strutture fin qui studiate [› 25.1 – 25.3]e rispondi alle seguenti domande.
1. Osserva la seguente frase: Il cane abbaierà finché non gli darai il suo osso! In italiano “finché” è sempre seguito da un verbo in forma negativa. In inglese? Che altra differenza c’è con l’italiano in questa frase?
2. Benedetta deve tradurre la frase Non dovrebbero esserci problemi, eventualmente ti chiamerò. È indecisa se usare eventually o in case. Riesci a spiegarle che cosa deve usare?
3. Osserva la seguente frase: Il ragazzo è stato squalificato a causa di un fallo grave. Quali connettivi di causa posso usare e perché?
Answers:
1. In inglese “finché” non è seguito da un verbo in forma negativa. In questa frase l’altra differenza presente con l’italiano è che in esso si usa il verbo al futuro dopo “finché”, mentre in inglese si usa al presente.
2. Eventually è un false friend. Esso, infatti, non ha mai il significato dell’italiano “eventualmente”. Per tradurre “eventualmente” in inglese si usano in case e if necessary.
3. Puoi usare i connettivi di causa because of, due to, owing to poiché essi vengono seguiti da un sostantivo (in questo caso “un fallo grave”).

Pag. 475 es. 17
Sottolinea l’alternativa corretta.
1. He went out so quickly that he didn’t take off his slippers!
2. They are such a lot friendly people that it’s pleasant to spend time with them.
3. Foxes are often killed for their fur. Therefore their number is decreasing.
4. The restaurant service was very bad. As a result the costumers often complained about it.
5. The house had so few rooms that, when our third son was born, we decided to move.
6. So amazing was the view that we admired it in silence for a long time!

es. 18
A volte la natura si ribella e mostra la sua forza. Completa le frasi con le seguenti parole. Trova poi tutte le espressioni collegate all’area lessicale dell’ambiente e dell’ecologia e traducile.
1. The tsunami is melting gradually. As a consequence we have more and more floods.
2. Due to the number of factories in the area there were so many fumes that the air was unbreathable.
3. There has been such an increase in global warming that the weather has changed all over the world and there are frequent heatwaves even in generally cool areas.
4. Owing to changes in the weather there are so hurricanes and tornadoes nowadays that no area in the world seems to be as safe as it was in the past.
5. Such a lot of powerful was the ice cap that more than 150 kms of the coastline was swept away!
6. The volcano was still active but it hadn’t erupted for 80 years. Therefore people were worried about it erupting.

es. 19
Jackie ha un cucciolo, Cloud, ma quando ieri è tornata a casa, ha trovato una sorpresa… Componi frasi con le parole date e i connettivi tra parentesi coniugando i verbi al tempo corretto.
1. Cloud had been alone for three hours, so nobody had controlled him.
2. As a result he had destroyed three wollen cushions of the sofa.
3. There were so many objects all around the room that you couldn’t walk into it.
4. Cloud had played so much with the potting compost that the floor was all dirty.
5. He had opened so many drawers that all the knives and forks were on the floor.
6. All the house was in such a mess that Jackie almost fainted.
7. Jackie is a very tidy woman. Therefore she was furious and she began shouting.
8. When Jackie began shouting, Cloud was so frightened that it pee on the carpet!

es. 20
Immagina di essere entrato in una stanza dove tutto è stato messo sottosopra. Descrivi quello che vedi usando il più possibile dei connettivi di conseguenza.

In my friend’s bedroom there were so many things around. There were two beds. Between the beds there was a blue carpet: it is wet. Consequently I slipped. Then there was a desk where she usually do her homework. There were such books on it that there was no room to put other things. Near her bed there were a big wardrobe and a night table. There were also some clothes on the floor. Therefore you couldn’t walk around the room.

es. 21
Traduci le seguenti frasi.
1. I have a lot to do tomorrow, so I can’t go to the beach.
2. The thunder was so strong that we thought it was a bomb!
3. There are such many services in this city that I can decide to move here.
4. Parliament has just approved a fur law. Consequently, only synthetic ones can be produced and sold.
5. The students had studied too little. As a result, only a few of them did the test well.
6. Alexia didn’t understand that we would go to a very elegant restaurant. Therefore she had wore a pair of jeans and a T-shirt.

Pag. 477 es. 22
Collega le frasi della prima e della terza colonna usando i connettivi della colonna centrale.
1. He rushed out of home so as not to miss the bus.
2. Take my business card so that you can call me at the office.
3. The boy didn't speak for fear of being told off.
4. Alvaro ran fast in order to win the race.
5. Pack a raincoat in case it rains.
6. I didn't move lest the bear might attack me.
7. She brought two bottles of water in case she was thirsty.
8. Mark hid his toys for fear that his brother might find them.

es. 23
Correggi le seguenti frasi se necessario e motiva le tue scelte.

1. Watch where you are walking, lest you might trip and fall. = correct
2. I’ll write everything down so as I don’t forget anything. correct
3. Dad lifted me up, so that I could see the stage better. correct
4. I cleaned the kitchen for my wife to see that I was helping her. = correct
5. Nobody talked for fear to wake up the children. = for fear of waking up the children. (“for fear” regge of + gerundio.)
6. Have some sandwiches now in case you didn’t find a café on the road. = don't find (la frase è riferita al presente.)
7. I read the page for a second time in order to understand it better. correct
8. Pass me the newspaper so that I would read today news = I can (la frase è riferita al presente.)

es. 24
Ti ricordi i racconti e le fiabe della tua infanzia? Completa le seguenti frasi utilizzando un connettivo o un’espressione di scopo o precauzione.

1. Edgar would like to kill Duchess and her three kittens to inherit the Duchess's money.
2. Hansel and Gretel lay a trail of white pebbles so as to find the way back home.
3. Eric wants to find Ariel in order to listen again her voice.
4. Peter Pan takes Wendy with him so as to show her Never land.
5. The Prince has to kiss Snow White to wake up her from that deep sleep.
6. The third pig built his house out of bricks for fear that the wolf should destroy it.
7. Rapunzel let down her long golden hair so that the prince could climb the tower.
8. Cinderella has to flee at midnight lest the spell might end.

es. 25
Hai mai pensato di modificare una fiaba in chiave comica? Prova a farlo con la tua fiaba preferita, usando il più possibile connettivi o espressioni di scopo o precauzione.

Once upon a time a little girl named Cappuccetto Rosso had to bring some drinks to her grandmother. Her mum said her to take the main street and not the wood, but she took the wood and she met a bad wolf. The wolf asked her where her grandmother lives and Cappuccetto Rosso sai it to him... The wolf went to Cappuccetto Rosso's grandmother's house and ate her. When Cappuccetto Rosso arrived to grandmother's house the wolf ate her too. A hunter caming back home heard someone snore and decided to enter in the house and he found the wolf. He cut the wolf's tummy and Cappuccetto Rosso and the grandmother went out from it, they were finally safe.