GENERAL LEGAL FRAMEWORK

The text is about the laws that deal with labours and it is arranged into 8 parts. Now i’m going to take into consideration the first section so the one dedicated to the General Legal Framework.

First of all it must be said that today Italy is a republic and the italian republic came to begin in the 1946, after a referendum which decided if Italy should continue to be a monarchy or not. The difference between a monarchy and a republic is that in the monarchy the king become king from dinasty instead in the republic the head of the State is elected by cityzens. So the italian republic is a democratic one.

The Italian Constitution was approved by the Parliament in 1947 and came into effect on 1948. The Italia peninsula is organized into regions, provinces and municipalities. 5 regions are “ Statuto speciale “ this means that they have more indipendence.

Italy is a central state and one of the reason debate is to deconcentrate the power to the regions. The head of the power is the President of the Republic elected by the Parliament every 7 years. The legislative is composed of 2 chambres : Senato and Camera. The senato has the legislative power, instead the camera the executive one ( to put into act the laws that have been approved ). People stay 5 years on charge at Senato and Camera.

 Furthermore, anyone who has been President of the Republic is a senator by right and for life unless he renounces the nomination. 

The government of the Republic is made up of the President of the Council , elected by the president of the republic , and the council of ministers which is formed by all ministers.

The government must have the confidence of both houses of Parliament : Senato and Camera, and all laws must be approved by both Chambers .

The italian legal system should be conformed to the international law and treates might be ratified by the parliament. Since we belong to the European Union , the european laws : regulation and act are applied directly in the Italian legal system. 

The Judiciary power in Italy depend on Consiglio Superiore della Magistratura and it is a professional and hierarchical body, composed of three instances: one judge in the first, three in the second and five in the Supreme Court of cassazione.

The constitution regulates the problems of the labour through declarations of priciples .