GRAMMAR IN PROGRESS

EXERCISES ON PAGE 239

EX. 42

1) doesn’t have to, 2) didn’t you have to, 3) didn’t need to buy, 4) don’t need to, 5) could you, 6) didn’t need to send, 7) don’t have to, couldn’t

EX. 43

1c, 2g, 3h, 4b, 5i, 6f, 7e, 8a

EX. 45

1) Your mother isn’t OK. You must help her! 2) They are studying now! You mustn’t disturb them! 3) You don’t need to have meat if you don’t like it. 4) I had a flat tyre, that’s why I had to change it. 5) I didn’t have to install the program in the new laptop. 6) During theIndustrial Revolution lots of kids had to work in factories. 7) A Silvia’s shop is having success. B Silvia must be very satisfied! 8) A What shoes shall I wear for the party? B You must wear comfortable shoes to dance!

EX. 46

1) Perché had to non è un verbo ausiliare e quindi la forma negativa si costruisce con l’ausiliare do, quindi la forma corretta è doesn’t have to/didn’t have to.

2) In inglese è importante capire se si tratta di un obbligo interno o esterno con la prima persona singolare perché nel primo caso si deve usare must, mentre nel secondo have to. In italiano invece questo aspetto non è importante. Esempio 1: Devo trovarmi un lavoro per guagnare soldi per comprarmi un nuovo computer portatile. I must find a job to earn money to buy a new laptop. Esempio 2: La mattina devo alzarmi presto per andare a scuola. In the morning I have to get up early to go to school.

3) Yesterday I didn’t need to go to the seamstress to shorten my trousers, because my neighbor knows how to do it.

Uso didn’t need to go invece di needn’t have gone perché in questo caso non era necessario andare dalla sarta e non è stato fatto.