The ecosystem is a complex system consisting of organisms living in a certain environment.

Animals and plants are the biotic components of the ecosystem, while the subsoil, air and water, light, temperature, climate, rainfall, etc.. are part of the abiotic components.

Biotic and abiotic components establish a set of relationships that characterize the ecosystem itself and laed it into a state of balance.

Many of the mayor problems that science must face are: pollution, overpopulation, hunger, deforestation, desertification and the wrong use of resources.

An ecological community is one made up of living and evolving species of organisms that all together make up an ecosystem.

The alteration of the balance of an ecosystem can have catastrophic effects on the environment such as pollution, desertification, deforestation, extinction of animal and plant species.

For many years no one paid much attention to such problems until the earth itself, our home, began to send loud and clear messages.

They spoke of: air, water, land, acoustic pollution, the extinction of wild animals and plants, deforestation, desertification, overpopulation and world hunger.

Energy enters the ecosystem primarily through the sun that crosses the biotic community and its food chain. This   comes out as heat, organic matter and the organisms produced.

Technological innovations applied to agriculture to combat the pest organisms that damage crops has led to the use of pesticides in large quantities and for a long time. Such  substances are toxic and their accumulation has changed the balance of the biosphere because they have harmful effects on various organisms including man. Therefore, the ecosystem should be protected to avoid tragic consequences.