Ballads were originally narrative poems transmitted orally by an anonymous narrator and only rarely recorded in some manuscript or song book. Many of the best English ballads derive from the boarded regions between the Scottish Highlands and Lowlands and between Scotland and England.              A ballade is a dramatic narrative which usually deals with a single episode, a single situation or even a single scene. The events leading are very rapidly sketched. The intensively dramatic effect is achieved through telling the story mainly through dialogue. The story is narrated in rapid flashes ascribing no importance to the psychology or physical appearance of the characters. The narrator has usually an impersonal attitude, offering little comment on the events.  In the ballade the music has an important role: it creates a poetic effect. We found among the texts (in addition to the music) the rhythm, the refrain and the incremental repetition.

The main topics of the ballade were:

•1.   -Tragic stories

•2.   -The supernatural events in it

•3.   -The fight between the borders of Scottish and English