Learning Path » 5B Interacting
Characterization
Into these bowls, Mrs Squeers, assisted by the hungry servant, poured a brown composition, which looked like diluted pincushions without the covers, and was called porridge. A minute wedge of brown bread was inserted in each bowl, and when they had eaten their porridge by means of the bread, the boys ate the bread itself, and had finished their breakfast; whereupon Mr Squeers said, in a solemn voice, “For what we have received, may the Lord make us truly thankful!” - and went away to his own.
Nicholas distended his stomach with a bowl of porridge, for much the same reason which induces some savages to swallow earth - lest they should be inconveniently hungry when there is nothing to eat. Having further disposed of a slice of bread and butter, allotted to him in virtue of his office, he sat himself down, to wait for school-time.
He could not but observe how silent and sad the boys all seemed to be. There was none of the noise and clamour of a schoolroom; none of its boisterous play, or hearty mirth. The children sat crouching and shivering together, and seemed to lack the spirit to move about. The only pupil who evinced the slightest tendency towards locomotion or playfulness was Master Squeers, and as his chief amusement was to tread upon the other boys’ toes in his new boots, his flow of spirits was rather disagreeable than otherwise.
After some half-hour’s delay, Mr Squeers reappeared, and the boys took their places and their books, of which latter commodity the average might be about one to eight learners. A few minutes having elapsed, during which Mr Squeers looked very profound, as if he had a perfect apprehension of what was inside all the books, and could say every word of their contents by heart if he only chose to take the trouble, that gentleman called up the first class.
Obedient to this summons there ranged themselves in front of the schoolmaster’s desk, half-a-dozen scarecrows, out at knees and elbows, one of whom placed a torn and filthy book beneath his learned eye.
“This is the first class in English spelling and philosophy, Nickleby,” said Squeers, beckoning Nicholas to stand beside him. “We’ll get up a Latin one, and hand that over to you. Now, then, where’s the first boy?”
“Please, sir, he’s cleaning the back-parlour window,” said the temporary head of the philosophical class.
“So he is, to be sure,” rejoined Squeers. “We go upon the practical mode of teaching, Nickleby; the regular education system. C-l-e-a- n, clean, verb active, to make bright, to scour. W-i-n, win, d-e-r, der, winder, a casement. When the boy knows this out of book, he goes and does it. It’s just the same principle as the use of the globes. Where’s the second boy?”
“Please, sir, he”s weeding the garden,” replied a small voice.
“To be sure,” said Squeers, by no means disconcerted. “So he is. B-o-t, bot, t-i-n, tin, bottin, n-e-y, ney, bottinney, noun substantive, a knowledge of plants. When he has learned that bottinney means a knowledge of plants, he goes and knows ‘em. That’s our system, Nickleby: what do you think of it?”
“It’s very useful one, at any rate,” answered Nicholas.
“I believe you,” rejoined Squeers, not remarking the emphasis of his usher. “Third boy, what’s horse?”
“A beast, sir,” replied the boy.
“So it is,” said Squeers. “Ain’t it, Nickleby?”
“I believe there is no doubt of that, sir,” answered Nicholas.
“Of course there isn’t,” said Squeers. “A horse is a quadruped, and quadruped’s Latin for beast, as everybody that’s gone through the grammar knows, or else where’s the use of having grammars at all?”
“Where, indeed!” said Nicholas abstractedly.
“As you’re perfect in that,” resumed Squeers, turning to the boy, “go and look after MY horse, and rub him down well, or I’ll rub you down. The rest of the class go and draw water up, till somebody tells you to leave off, for it’s washing-day tomorrow, and they want the coppers filled.”
So saying, he dismissed the first class to their experiments in practical philosophy, and eyed Nicholas with a look, half cunning and half doubtful, as if he were not altogether certain what he might think of him by this time.
“That’s the way we do it, Nickleby,” he said, after a pause.
Nicholas shrugged his shoulders in a manner that was scarcely perceptible, and said he saw it was.
“And a very good way it is, too,” said Squeers. “Now, just take them fourteen little boys and hear them some reading, because, you know, you must begin to be useful. Idling about here won”t do.”
Mr Squeers said this, as if it had suddenly occurred to him, either that he must not say too much to his assistant, or that his assistant did not say enough to him in praise of the establishment. The children were arranged in a semicircle round the new master, and he was soon listening to their dull, drawling, hesitating recital of those stories of engrossing interest which are to be found in the more antiquated spelling-books.
In this exciting occupation the morning lagged heavily on. At one o’clock, the boys having previously had their appetites thoroughly taken away by stir-about and potatoes, sat down I the kitchen to some hard beef, on which Nicholas was graciously permitted to take his portion to his own solitary desk, to eat in there in peace. After this, there was an other hour of crouching in the schoolroom and shivering with cold, and then school began again
Actions (+ body language)
Aptitudes
Direct speech
Decision choices
Actions | Body language | Aptitudes | Direct speech | Decision choices |
Nicholas distended his stomach with a bowl of porridge, for much the same reason which induces some savages to swallow earth | shrugged his shoulders in a manner that was scarcely perceptible | He could not but observe | “It’s very useful one, at any rate,” answered Nicholas. | Nicholas was graciously permitted to take his portion to his own solitary desk, |
Having further disposed of a slice of bread and butter, allotted to him in virtue of his office, he sat himself down, to wait for school-time. |
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| “I believe there is no doubt of that, sir,” |
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said Nicholas abstractedly |
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| “Where, indeed!” |
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Nicholas, shrugged his shoulders in a manner that was scarcely perceptible, said he saw it was. |
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and he was soon listening |
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Traduzione
In queste scodelle la signora Squeers aiutata dalla assistente famelica versò certa miscela bruna che sembrava composta di guancialetto e da spille diluite senza il rivestimento e veniva chiamata farro. Una piccola fetta di pane nero era messa in ogni scodella e dopo che i ragazzi avevano mangiato il loro farro per mezzo del pane i ragazzi mangiavano il pane e avevano finito la colazione; dopodichè il signor Squeers diceva con tono solenne “per ciò che abbiamo ricevuto che il signore ci renda veramente grati” e andava via a divorare la sua.
Nicola si distese lo stomaco con una scodella di farro in gran parte per la stessa ragione che induce alcuni selvaggi ad inghiottire la terra – per non essere straordinariamente affamati quando non c’è nulla da mangiare. Avendo inoltre sgretolato una fetta di pane imburrato concessagli in virtù del suo ufficio si sedette in attesa dell’ora della lezione.
Egli non poteva che osservare come i fanciulli fossero tutti silenziosi e tristi, non v’era nulla di quel chiasso e di quel baccano di un’aula scolastica. Nulla che parlasse di trastulli rumorosi o d’allegria sfrenata. I fanciulli se ne stavano rannicchiati assieme remanti e sembrava mancassero perfino della volontà di muoversi. Il solo allievo che mostrava qualche piccola tendenza alla locomozione o al trastullo era il piccolo Squeers, e siccome il suo divertimento preferito era di pestare con le scarpe nuove i piedi degli altri ragazzi la sua vivacità risultava piuttosto spiacevole che altro.
Dopo una mezz’ora riapparve il signor Squeers e i ragazzi presero il loro posto e i libri, e di questi ultimi se ne vedeva in media uno per ogni 8 di essi. Passati pochi minuti durante i quali il signor Squeers assunse un aspetto di grande profondità come se conoscesse a perfezione il contenuto di tutti quei volumi e potesse dirne, volendosene prendere il disturbo, ogni parola a memoria, fu chiamata la classe prima.
Obbediente all’appello si schierò di fronte al tavolino del maestro una dozzina di spaventapasseri con le ginocchia e i gomiti scoperti e uno gli mise sotto i dotti occhi un sudicio libro a brandelli.
“questa Nicola è la prima classe di composizione inglese e filosofia” disse Squeers facendo cenno a Nicola di metterglisi d’accanto.
“noi ne faremo una di latino e l’affideremo a te. Su dunque, dov’è il capoclasse?”
“sta a pulire signore la finestra del salotto”, disse il capo provvisorio della prima classe di filosofia.
“già, proprio così” soggiunse Squeers “noi seguiamo il metodo pratico Nickleby, il sistema regolare d’educazione. p-u-l-i-r-e, pulire, verbo attivo, lucidare, strofinare. F-i-n, fin, e-s-t, est, r-a, ra. Finestra, un’apertura sul muro. Quando il ragazzo ha appreso questo dal libro va e lo applica. Appunto lo stesso principio dell’uso delle sfere. Dov’è il secondo?”
“sta togliendo le erbacce nel giardino” rispose una vocina.
“già” rispose Squeers, per nulla affatto sconcertato. “così è. B-o-t, bot, a-n-i, ani, c-a, ca, botanica, nome sostantivo, la conoscenza delle piante. Quando il ragazzo ha imparato che botanica significa conoscenza delle piante va a conoscerle. Questo è il nostro sistema Nickleby; cosa ne pensi?”
“è molto utile a ogni modo” rispose Nickleby
“lo credo” soggiunse Squeers non osservando le energie dell’assistente, - “terzo ragazzo, cos’è il cavallo?”
“una bestia signore”, rispose il ragazzo
“così è” rispose Squeers – “non è vero nickleby?”
“credo che non vi sia alcun dubbio signore” rispose Nicola.
“naturalmente che non c’è” disse Squeers. “il cavallo è un quadrupede, e quadrupede è una parola latina che significa una bestia, come sanno tutti quelli che hanno imparato la grammatica, senò a che servirebbe mai la grammatica?”
“certo, infatti!”, disse Nicola, distrattamente.
“siccome questo lo sai bene” ripigliò Squeers rivolgendosi al ragazzo “vai ad attendere al cavallo mio e striglialo bene se non vuoi che io stigli te. Il resto della classe vada ad attingere l’acqua finchè non verrà qualcuno a far sospendere il lavoro; perché domani e giorno di bucato, e bisogna riempire le caldaie”.
Così dicendo egli mandò la classe al suo esperimento di filosofia pratica e diede a nicola uno sguardo mezzo di scaltrezza e mezzo di dubbio, come incerto questa volta su che pensare di lui.
“questo è il metodo nostro Nickleby” disse, dopo una pausa
Nicola scrollò le spalle in maniera impercettibile dicendo che vedeva.
“ed è anche un ottimo metodo” disse Squeers. “ora prendi quei quattordici piccini e falli leggere perché devi cominciare a renderti utile e baloccarsi in ozio qui non si usa”.
Il signor Squeers disse questo come se gli fosse ad un tratto sorto in mente o che egli non doveva dire troppe cose al suo assistente, o che il suo assistente non gliene diceva abbastanza in lode dell’istituto. I fanciulli si schierarono a semicerchio attorno al nuovo insegnante ed egli tosto stette ad ascoltare la loro noiosa, incerta, esitante ripetizione di quei racconti così interessanti che si trovano nei più antiquati libri di lettura.
La mattina si trascinò pesantemente in questa eccitante occupazione. All’una dopo che i ragazzi ebbero completamente perso l‘appetito con l’attesa e con le patate si sedettero in cucina a mangiare un po’ di manzo salato. Nicola si permise graziosamente di portarsi la sua porzione al tavolino solitario che gli apparteneva e lì di mangiarsela in pace. Dopo vi fu un’altra ora in cui i ragazzi stettero rannicchiati a tremare dal freddo nell’aula e poi cominciò di nuovo la scuola.