Page 9 Exercise 1

1. The Middle Ages in Europe begin with the end of the classical cultures of Rome and Greece and end with the beginning of the Renaissance.
2. The main features shared by many European countries in the Middle Ages were the expansion of Christianity and the predominance of feudalism as a social system.
3. Invasions were a factor of change because they started settlements that gave origin to new kingdoms.
4. Crusades and voyages opened new routes to trade and to the discovery of new lands.
5. Medieval society was mainly rural but towns started to grow along trade routes, while some city-dwellers became part of the new middle class in society.

Page 9 Exercise 2

1. The early Middle Ages in Britain started with the Viking invasions.  FALSE

2. Anglo-Saxon England was always divided into seven kingdoms.     FALSE

3. The spread of Christianity in Britain began in the 6th century.        TRUE

4. The Danes, of Viking origin, founded a kingdom in East Anglia.      TRUE

5. Alfred the Great and King Cnut were both of Anglo-Saxon descendent. FALSE

6. The battle of Hasting was fought between Anglo-Saxons and Normans. TRUE

Page 9 Exercise 3

Origin of tribes: Germanic.

cities founded by Anglo - Saxons: Winchester, London, York, Norwich.             

invaded Britain: in the 5th and 6th centuries.

language: old English.

social structure: the military leader of Anglo-Saxon was the chief or king, then there were the earls and the thengs. At the last level there were freemen.

type of culture: oral.

kind of life: mainly rural, land owned comunally.

influence of Christianity: it united kingdoms and introduced writing.

origins of towns: boroughs built as military bases. Then they became centres of trade.