Activities

 

Complete the following
notes. They will give you an outline of the information contained in the passage.
The main points, relations of cause-effect,
illustrations etc. are clearly indicated in
the text by logical connectors. Look out for them.

• (par. 1) The Industrial

Revolution is the substitution of competition for the medieval regulations
which controlled the production and distribution of wealth. In Europe this

led to growth of two
systems of thought:

1) Economic science 2) Socialism

 


 


 


 

a)    Adam Smith

b)    Malthus

c)    Ricardo

d) John Stuart Mill

• (par. 2-3) Facts of

Industrial Revolution.



 


 

1)The growth of   population and the decline of rural population

2)The agrarian revolution(invention of new   machinery)

• (par. 4) Decrease in

rural population.

causes:1) destruction of
the common-field system of cultivation

2) enclosure of common
and waste lands

3) consolidation of small
farms into large

• (par. 5) Agricultural

advance.

cause - more scientific
approach:

e.g.

 


 


 


 

Improvement of the breed of cattle

Introduction of the rotation of crops

Invention of the steam-plough

agricultural societies

• (par. 6-7) Growth of

industry.

causes;

1) mechanical inventions
in textile industry

e.g.

 


 


 


 

Spinning-jenny

Water-frame

mule

Self-acting mule

most important:

 


 

steam engine

Power loom

2) mechanical revolution
in iron industry

e.g.

 


 

Smelting by pit-coat

Blast furnaces

3) improved means of
communication

e.g.

 


 


 

Canal system

Turnpike road

railroad

results: 1) increase in
commerce

2) substitution of
factory system for domestic system.

• (par. 8) Revolution in

distribution of wealth:

rise in rents caused by

 


 


 


 

1)rental of land(enclosure)

2)money invested in improvements

3)consolidation of farms

4) high price of corn

social changes in country
life:

• (par. 9) Social changes

in manufacturing world: The farmers shared in the prosperity of the landlords;
for many of them held their farms under beneficial leases, and made large
profits by them.

consequences:

1) change in habits(food,luxury,...)

2) a lot of money was
taken for farmers

3) class conflict.

• (par. 10) Misery of

working people often caused by:





 


 


 

1)condition of labour

2)rise of prices(bread)

3)bitter distress   caused by sudden fluctuations of trade

Conclusion: