Learning Paths » 5A Interacting
Molly's interior
monologue belongs to the episode called ‘'Penelope'' (third episode of the
section ‘'Nostos''). The narrative technic used is the female monologue and
according to Joyce's schema for Ulysses
the scene is called ‘'The Bed''. In addition the symbol chosen for
this episode is ‘'Earth'' (Penelope symbolizes the Earth-Magna Mater) and the organ attributed is ‘'Flesh''.
Rigth from the
start the reader can notice the absence of punctuation and paragraphs, partly
replaced by the coordinative conjuction ‘'and'' and the repetition of the exclamation
‘'yes''. Joyce shows Molly's
half-conscious thoughts, which shift from the present (consideration of time:
lines 1-9, people getting up in China; nuns singing the Angelus; the alarm
clock; trying to fall asleep; the flowers on the wall paper) to the future
(next day shopping, lines 10 - 15, purpose to adorn the house); from the
present again (l. 16 - 33: considerations about the price of some things;
appreciations of the nature, landscape, animals; criticism of atheist) to a
specific episode in the past ( lines 34 - 63 : past youth in Gibraltar,
consideration about her husband, final ‘'yes'').
Molly's stream of
consciousness is a chaotic flux of
thought based on free association where past memories and future expectations are bound together.
The text is organized into paratactic scenes and not in paragraphs because the
human mind proceeds by images.
This technique
permits the narrator to show the thought without the mediation of a
concept. Her thought apparently formless
do have a form, a circular form: it begins with the exclamation ‘'yes'' and it ends
with the same one. Indeed the organizing
principle of the text is the leitmotiv (‘'yes'' is repeated 18 times) and the
anaphoric repetition of the key-word ‘'flower'' (‘'flower'' is repeated five
times and it is also present in the form of ‘'flower of the mountain'' and
‘'mountain flower'').
Moreover the
narrator creates a semantic field of flowers connected to the language of sense
impression that affects the entire text (‘' white rose'', ‘' place swimming in
roses'', ‘' all sorts of shapes and smells and colours springing up'', ‘' primroses and violets'', ‘'rhododendrons'', 'the rosegardens and the
jessamine and geraniums and cactuses'', flower of the mountain'', ‘' so we are
flowers all a womans body'', ‘'rose'', ‘'mountain
flower'' - ‘' my breasts all perfume'').
The reader can face
with the contiguity between antiquity and contemporaneity through the time reference ‘' it was leapyear
like now yes 16 years ago''. The reader can also notice in some cases how free
associations work. For example Molly starts thinking about the next day
shopping because seeing the flowers of her wallpaper she reminds the wallpaper
of Lombard street or thinking about atheists and who created the world she
thinks about the rising sun and she associates it to a Leopold's sentence
(‘'the sun shines for you he said'') and all the memory it brings with. Farther
the language used is the language of sense impression, in particularly in the
scene of Gibraltar.
The atmosphere is
perfectly evoked and the figure of Molly Bloom as a sensual and instinctual
woman emerges by her own thought (‘' I thought well as well him as another'';
‘' I was thinking of so many things he didnt know of Mulvey'' ‘'First I put my arms around him yes and drew him down
to me so he could feel my breasts all perfume yes'' ).
Molly is one side a
sly woman (‘' I liked him because I saw he understood or felt what a woman is
and I knew I could always get round him and I gave him all the pleasure I could
leading''; ‘' and then I asked him with my eyes to ask again yes and then he
asked me would I yes to say yes my mountain flower ''; ‘'I wouldnt answer first
only looked out over the sea and the sky'') on the other she's not very clever
and she seems a bit trivial as the reader can perceive by her sentences about
atheists and ‘' the Greeks and the jews and the Arabs and the devil knows who
else''
Molly Bloom, the
unfaithful wife corresponds to Penelope but also to Calypso, Circe and the
sirens (Molly Bloom is an opera singer). She stands for the female nature which
accepts the human condition in its entirety. In this regard Joyce said that the
exclamation ‘'yes'' is a ‘'female word''
that indicates ‘'acquiescence and the end of all resistance''.
Ulysses recalls the whole physical body
experience of the human being (‘'Epic of the human body'') and the negation of
its metaphysical experience, since Molly's mind is strictly
connected to her sensorial and physical feelings (Summa Anthropologica instead
of Summa Theologica by T.D'Aquino).
In conclusion Molly represents salvation because while the male element
(Leopold and Stephen) remain frustrated, Molly or the female element (positive
element) finds its realization conveyed by the final ‘'yes''.