TASK 1

After filling the gaps in the Activity concerning the text, write a short essay about the Industrial Revolution
and upload it here.

You can also generate your essay  recasting
the textual structure below.

Activity

Complete the
following notes. They will give you an outline of the information contained in
the passage. The main points, relations of cause-effect, illustrations
etc. are clearly indicated in the text by logical connectors. Look out for
them. 

• (par. 1) The essence of theIndustrial Revolution 
   

The Industrial Revolution born in England because of
the introduction of enclosures, the fast growth of the population and the
development of the culture. But because of the moltitude of people the
agricultural system was not able to keep them. So then the life style begun to
change again in negative way taking the birth of a new class and the poverty among
working people.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

It led to the growth of two systems of thought:

 

1)Economic science                     
 

2) Socialism
....................................................................................... 

 


 


 


 

a) Adam Smith

b) Malthus

c) Ricardo

d) John Stuart Mill

• (par. 2-3) Facts of Industrial Revolution. 
  
  
  
   
  
  
   
  

  1) The fast growth of the population

  2) The enormous rise in rents in agriculture

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
• (par. 4) Decrease in rural population.

causes: 

 1) Destruction of the common-field system....................................................................................................................

 

2) The enclosures................................................................................................................

 

3) The consolidation of small farms into large.............................................................................................................

• (par. 5) Agricultural advance.
  
  cause - more scientific approach:

e.g.  

 


 


 


 

The breed of cattle

Steam-plough

Rotation of crops

agricultural societies

• (par. 6-7) Growth of industry.

 causes;

1) mechanical inventions in textile industry

e.g.  

 


 


 


 

Water-frame

Spinning jenny

Crompton's mule

Self-acting mule

most important:

 


 

steam engine

Power-loom

2) mechanical revolution in iron industry

e.g.  

 


 

an engine for a cotton-mill

Factory system

3) improved means of communication

e.g.  

 


 


 

Grand Junction canal made a water-way from London

The Grand Trunk canal was finished

railroad

results: 

1)  cooperation between merchants and weavers........................................................................................................................

2) substitution of factory system for domestic
system.

• (par. 8)

Revolution in distribution of wealth:

rise in rents caused by

 


 


 


 

1) enclosure system

2) French war

3) consolidation of farms

4) high price of corn

social changes in country life: 

the farmers begun to search protection under the
wealth of their landlords. So they ceased to work becoming a new distinct class
because they lived with their labourers who get out profit of their farms for
them.

• (par. 9) Social changes in manufacturing world:
  
   the relations between men and masters
  disappeared and the poverty started to spread among working people................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

consequences:

1) population's poverty
.........................................................................................................................................................

2) "cash nexus" was substituted for the human tie........................................................................................................................................................

3) class conflict.

• (par. 10) Misery of working people often caused by:

 


 


 

1) factory system

2) unemployment

3) the birth of a new capital class

 

Conclusion: 

the capitalism of the new class caused the poverty of the
population forced to live in terrible conditions.