Activities

Complete the following notes. They will give you an outline of the information contained in the passage. The main points, relations of cause-effect, illustrations etc. are clearly indicated in the text by logical connectors. Look out for them.

• (par. 1) The Industrial Revolution ..is one of the most important events of English history because it controlled the production and distribution of wealth........................................................................................................................................................................................……………………………………………………………………………………..……………………….

led to growth of two systems of thought:

1) Economic science 2) .Socialism......................................................................................

a)Adam Smith

b)Malthus

c)Ricardo

d) John Stuart Mill

• (par. 2-3) Facts of Industrial Revolution.

1)Growth of population

2)Relative and positive decline in the agricultural population

• (par. 4) Decrease in rural population.

causes: 1)The destruction of the common-field system of cultivation .....................................................................................................................

2)The enclosure on a scale of common and waste lands ................................................................................................................

3)The consolidation of small farms into large .............................................................................................................

• (par. 5) Agricultural advance.

cause — more scientific approach:

e.g.

Breed of cattle

Rotation of crops

Steam-plough

agricultural societies

• (par. 6-7) Growth of industry.

causes;

1) mechanical inventions in textile industry

e.g.

Spinning Jenny

Water fram

Crompton’s mule

Self acting mule

most important:

steam engine

Power loom

2) mechanical revolution in iron industry

e.g.

The smelting by pit-coal

Application of the steam-engine to blast furnaces

3) improved means of communication

e.g.

Grand trunk

Grand Junk

railroad

results: 1) .........................................................................................................................

2) substitution of factory system for domestic system.

• (par. 8) Revolution in distribution of wealth:

rise in rents caused by

Money invested  in inprovements

2)Enclosure system

3)Consolidation of farms

4) high price of corn

social changes in country life:

• (par. 9) Social changes in manufacturing world: Farmers got power and created a distinct class                      ………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

consequences:

1) They ceased to work and live with their labourers………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

2) The high prices of the war time demoralised them……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

3) class conflict.

• (par. 10) Misery of working people often caused by:

1)Fall in wages

2)Factory system

3)Rise of prices