Textuality » 4BLS Interacting

MGranziera_Milton and Donne.
by MGranziera - (2014-05-11)
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Two figures extremly important: John Donne (matephisical poet) and John Milton (epic poet).
Metaphisical poetry was characterized by intellectual complexity and a sophisticated use of language and versification. The term “metaphisical” means something that goes beyond what we can materially touch; “metaphisical” was used as a synonym of “difficult”, “beyond human experience”. Metaphisical poetry is an argumentative form of poetry and emplies that the poet is holding a thesis. These poets, whether religious or secular, shared an unconventional attitude to poetry, voicing both emotions and intellectual reasoning, personal experience and contemporary events.
The main representative metaphisical poet is John Done, who wrote both secular and religiuos poems. His most important poem is “A Valediction Forbidding Mourning”. This poem is an argumentative poem because supported advanced ideas and argumentation to invite a person not to be sad. This poem is about a man who is forced to spend time apart from his lover, but before he leaves, he tells her that their farewell should not be the occasion for sorrow even if they are into different places.
Donne used the metaphor of the compass to argument his thesis: he want to explain that it is not necessary that people stay in the same place in the same time to have a relation. The circle represent the perfection but is the compass’ foot that stops the compass to make it to draw a perfect circle. And so the stability of a relation depends from a mental certainty; they are "inter-assured of the mind".

On the other hand, John Milton is an epic poet. His masterpiece is “Paradise Lost” and he chose the Bible as an allegory of his Puritan faith.
Satan is the hero of “Paradise Lost”, Mr Milton put Satan at the center of his investigation because has human aspects. Milton wanted to show Satan like a human indeed he shows human characteristics (courage, pride, selfconfidence, ambitions). Satan is proud because he did not accept to stay in a place aside him; he wanted to rule, according to the philosophy of the Great Chain of Being. Satan cannot resign to that. He became an hero because like human beings wanted to be at the centre; in order to became popular humans tell big lies, because if you want to be the protagonist you first have to be the antagonist. For this reason, Satan express the weakness of human beings.
Milton was Puritan and did not accept this idea. People are mortal and weak and they want to became what they are not; and so we are destinated to fail up. Milton thought that it is a form of intelligence accepting what you are, and that you are limited.
Despite that, Satan did not accept this, even if he recognised the power of God.
Human nature is at the centre of every culture; people need to belive in something. Our nature is tragic because we want to be God not common people. People need to think and reflect about what they are. Awareness is another value that Milton hilight in Satan. Satan is surprised for the mournful gloom of the Hell. He feels lost, he realises that the Hell is very different from the Heaven.
He knows that he lost the all, but the sense of pride is bigger than the sense of guilt. Satan is considered a hero because he want to contrast God’s absolute power, he did not accept to be limited by God. He needed power for his glory.
God “can dispose and bid what shall be right” because has more force than another being; his reason is equalled, his force made him supreme. Another important poem by John Milton is "On his blindness". It is a lyric sonnet wrote in 1655. It is structured as a Petrarchan sonnet, made up of an octave and a sestect. 
In the octave Milton introduced the problem: he hint at the "Parabola of the Talents" in line 3-6 (key meaning), he wonders if God askes also who is blind a day-labour, also if the talent given is influenced by blindness. He tought how a blind man could make the talent fruit and serve God. In the sestect he gives the answer: God does not need us to ingratiate him, those who can stand limitations serve him better. 
All the lines of the poem are written in iambic pentameter, the sonnet contains some retorical figures like alliterations (line 2 "days" "dark" and "world" wide") and some metaphores.

Both the poets discuss the mind in their poems: as reguards Donne's poem, the body is less important than the mind ("care less eyes, lips and hand to miss"). On the other hand, Satan who is the first person narrator in Milton's poem, says that the Hell and the Heaven are just state of the mind.