Elizabeth I, daughter of Anne Boleyn and Henry VIII. who came to the throne in 1558. She re-established the Anglican Church, as her father, and with a second Act of Supremacy in 1559 she restated the indipendence of the Church of england from the Church of Rome.

Thamks to her policy of compromise in religious field Elizabeth ensured internal peace in her coutry. she also encreased welth and commerce. Elizabeth Isupported the new exploration creating a powerful fleet and encouraging the birth of new companies. She had one serious internal threat. Mary Stuart, her Catholic cousin, queen of Scotland, next in succession after her.

After a serie of several plots Elizabeth made her cousin prigionier, and after nineteen years, she condamned mary to death. After Mary's execution King Philip II of Spain, another Catholic country like Scotland, tried to invade England, but Elizabeth's fleet won the spanish Invincible Armada