The Industrial Revolution was a very important event, happened in nineteenth century, that caused a lot of relevant changes firstly in England and then in all the Europe. This fact developed society especially into two fields: the first one was an Agricultural advance, the other consisted in a development of the Industry; this one could also be split in textile industry and in iron industry.

Industrial revolution could be represented by two most important systems of thought of that period, to be more precise the Economic Science and its opposite, the Socialism; thanks to authors of these two trends, today we possess a lot of stories, Adam Smith with “Wealth of Nations”, Malthus with his “Essay on Population”, Ricardo wrote “Principles of Political Economy and Taxation” and John Stuart Mill with “Principles of Political Economy”.

During this time originated many important inventions like the spinning-jenny, the water-frame, Crompton's mule, and the self-acting mule, the steam engine or the power loom in the textile field; on the other hand in the iron industry, other new inventions were smelting by pit-coal and steam engine to blast furnaces. Another merit of Industrial Revolution was to develop all the means of communication, on the water with the canal system and inshore with railroads. An important aspect of this revolution that changed people life into modern one was the fact that in this time there was a quick decrease in rural population and this happened especially for three causes: the destruction of common-field system of cultivation, the enclosure and the last one is the consolidation of small farms into very large. This enormous movement of rural people to cities had like consequences the alienation between farmer and laborer, the class conflict and relation between master and man disappeared. After these episodes owners of big farms became very rich, in fact they started thinking like real modern economists: they invested their money in improvements, or for example in consolidation of farms. On the other hand working people fell in poverty; they became poor also for law wages, high prices and the fluctuation of trade. In conclusion The Industrial Revolution is a fundamental age of the past, probably one of the most important of ever, thanks to his innovation it changed the world opening the Europe to modern age.