NOTES

Notes about the lesson (20th september 2011)

Grading of the entry text:

LETTERATURA: qualsiasi tipo di testo su qualunque argomento

SIGNIFICATI DEL TESTO LETTERARIO: dipendono dal rapporto che il testo ha con altri testi dello stesso genere e i lettori

Suggestions in order to make a good analysis:

•·         non far dire allo scrittore quello che non dice

•·         non esprimere opinioni se ciò non è richiesto

•·         ricordare che la scelta delle parole da parte dello scrittore è determinante per creare un determinato effetto sul lettore

•·         usare come soggetto the reader oppure he/she who reads the text anziché I

•·         lo scopo dell'analisi è spiegare la reazione del lettore di fronte al testo

•·         privilegiare lo stile nominale (condensazione del senso)

Stylistic choices are important because they create effects on the reader and determine if the reader: identifies with the work or not, likes the work or not, takes distance from the work.

Stylistic choices consist of word-choice and word-order. The reader is asked to find out the aim of these choices.

Argumentative texts:

An argumentative text proposes thesis, a point of view on something. It is a set/range of ideas and it requires for the writer the production of arguments that support the idea on the text.

Argumentations are thoughts, concepts that the writer develops following a logical thread (filo logico). An argumentation can be made by comparison, contrast or association. It follows that the better you organize the logical development of your idea, the better you can convince the reader of your point of view.

In view of this objective you have to collect intelligent data, relevant information, significant figures (cifre significative) and also pay utmost (alta) attention to the use of language. You need suitable connectors and linkers, like for example:

•·         coming now to... in addition... what's more... besides...  (inoltre)

•·         indeed... to tell the truth... (infatti) in short... summing up... (riassumendo)

•·         differently from... in opposition to... viceversa... on one hand...on the other (per esprimere contrasto)

•·         however... anyway... (sebbene)

•·         as a consequence... as a result... (di conseguenza)

•·         in order to do this... in view of this objective... to this aim... (per fare questo)

The argumentation should follow or be developed/organized into paragraphs: each one should play a function which should be connected somehow to the previous and coming paragraph.

Useful verbs for poetry:

to communicate to... to convey the idea of... to highlight... to underline... to express... to hint at... (alludere a) to refer to... to tell about... to draw the reader's attention on...

New words:

to upload the register = compliare il registro

to hand in = ricevere qualcosa  -  to hand out = dare qualcosa

story-line = storia di un romanzo (insieme di fatti ed eventi)

plot = trama (modo in cui i fatti vengono raccontati)

text types = tipologie testuali

literary genres = generi letterari

Grammar rules:

Forma impersonale: YOU / ONE + verbo

To TELL e To SAY:

to TELL TOLD TOLD si usa: a) sempre al discorso indiretto quando è espresso il complemento di termine

                                                    He told me he was going home

                                               b) nelle espressioni idiomatiche: to tell lies, the truth, the time, a story

to SAY SAID SAID si usa:    a) sempre al discorso diretto

                                              b) al discorso indiretto senza complemento di termine

                                                       He said he was going home

                                                  c) nelle espressioni idiomatiche: to say yes, no, goodbye