NOTES OF 20/9/2011
Literature, painting, sculpture, music are all forms of art and they produce emotions, pleasure, positive and negative reactions on the reader; but they use different means of communication. Painting is made up of colours; literature is made up of words; sculpture of marble, for example. Different forms of art use different ingredients and tools.
The use of the language in literature must follow a disciplined technique, in particular in poetry. The language of poets is charged with a lot of meaning and that is why poetry arouses several emotions.
Literary texts send a lot of messages and most of them can be all correct because every reader provides a personal interpretation of the same text. However, the interpretation is not free; in order to advance an interpretation, we must be able to support it by textual references.
Besides, literature text use a complex mode of expression.
Literary genres are different from literary forms. Literary genres are poetry, fiction and drama. Literary forms are the various modes in which a genre can occur (for instance, the ballade, the sonnet, the novel, the haiku are manifestation of poetry).

VOCABULARY

• Advancement: progresso
• First: dapprima
• Marble: marmo
• Memory extension: chiavetta usb
• Mode: modalità
• Quotation: citazione
• Range: gamma
• Similarity: somiglianze
• Surface: superficie
• Thereby: pertanto
• Utmost: il grado massimo
• To advance a purpose: proporre una proposta
• To arouse (an emotion): suscitare
• To be charged with: essere carico di
• To be made up of: essere costituito di
• To draw attention to: attirare l'attenzione verso
• To educate: educare
• To go beyond - went beyond - gone beyond: andare oltre
• To go through - went through - gone through: attraversare
• To instruct: istruire
• To make reference to: fare riferimento a
• To make somebody see: far sì che qualcuno veda
• To quote (from a text): citare
• To refer to: riferirsi a

LITERATURE
Literature is the group of texts which generate emotions and reflections into the reader. A literary text has no practical purpose, but aims at delighting, instructing or simply making the readers reflect. The writer of a literary text generally doesn't speak directly about the emotions or reflections he or she wants to create. Indeed, the text is often about another topic, which functions as an example or a pretext to infuse that emotion. Thereby, since the content isn't explicit, everybody of us reads the message of a literary text in a different manner from the others and can underline a certain feature or passage rather than another. So, everyone makes up his or her own interpretation. Great texts have several and ever-new interpretations and for this reason are named "classics".
However, despite the variety of interpretations, literature joins people. Through the plot or the emotions, it makes us forget greed of power and money and makes us feel part of humanity, with our qualities and faults. Besides, literature and other arts are necessary to temporarily forget our busy everyday's life and wander with our mind.
The language of a literary text is different from the one of a practical text: it is more complex, more unusual and fuller of meaning. In order to create emotions, it must follow a specific and strict technique. This feature is particularly clear in poetry; poems must arouse feelings with few lines and therefore every part has a particular function. For example, each single word has a well-defined meaning, which depends not only from the typical sense of the word, but also from its position in the sentence, its importance in the text, its musicality, etc. Indeed, one of the peculiarities which draws more attention of a literary text is its language.