TEXTUAL ANALYSIS

The poem When I Heard The Learn'd Astronomer bears the same title of its first line so that the reader understands that it is part of a collection.

The poem is in free verse and some lines are longer. Therefore it will be interesting to find out a possible reason for that. In addition, the last four lines show a regular pattern in length.

The poem is the record of a memory: the speaking voice expresses his emotions and reaction while listening to a university lecture about astronomy. At that time there was an expert "the learn'd astronomer" discussing about the universe and he resorted to difficult figure, geometrical chart and the like. The speaking voice listened but he was not involved very differently from the audience to express appreciation with "much applause".

The poet does not seen able to explain while, without any apparent reason, he mechanically stood up and left the lecture room, tired and sick. When outside the night seemed almost mystical to him and he could looked at stars in the sky in perfect silence.

A connotative analysis of the poem shows the poet's preference for anaphoric structure which privileges the first section of the poem where all lines start with the interrogative pronoun "when" and significantly grow longer to convey the sense of gradual boredom of speaking voice whose head is full with "proofs, figures, columns, charts and diagrams". Also he is asked to continuously make calculations "to add, divide and measure" in a typical scientific approach to the study of a universe. All the poet's word choice in the first part rely on long vowel sound to create an atmosphere of distance, the distance the speaker feels from the lecture.

Indeed he "heard" and "was shown" all the lecture data; the use of perception verbs and the passive voice together with the considerable frequency of infinite verbs and to somebody who just set and heard. It did not at, neither did the interact with a lecture. To tell the truth he did not at all feel part of the mass applauding the lecture but he felt totally different ("I sitting heard"; "he lectured") a strange from that context. Line length underlines such bored attitude and paves the way for the next section when the speaking voice felt free leaving the lecture-room and outside "by myself" that is alone he takes distances from that room. In opposition to the applause he enjoys "the perfect silence of the stars" and the "mystical moist" of the night. In both cases the alliteration of "-m" and "-s" add to what he considers the suitable way to study the universe with its stars.

It is a very different approach from the learn'd astronomer.