1. The analogy bethween the speaker's life and his voiage is expressed by use of methaphoric words (pioggia di lagrimar, nebbia di sdegni,...) that all refers at his feeling and at the state of his mind;his state of confusion,as a storm does, lead astray the skipper to the light of the reason.
2. the wheater conditions have a connotative funtion,they have a methaphorical meaning that describes speaker's state of mind and feelings.