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The Industrial Revolution Lspagnolo
by - (2011-09-19)
Up to 5B - The Industrial Revolution
The text is an essay,written by Arnold Toynbee in 1884,it deals with the Industrial Revolution and every changes that it caused.The text is divided in 10 paragraphs where the author explain some aspects about the revolution.
In the first paragraph he tells us that the Industrial Revolution is a phenom that tuke place in England in nineteenth century and then in a lot of place of the occidental world,changing the way of living of people.
Toynbee underlines that in those years tuke place the birth of two different system:economic science and socialism.In the second paragraph,the author introduces four great english economists:Adam Smith,Malthus,Ricardo and John Stuart Mill. The first one wrote "Wealth of nations" where he deals with the causes of wealth during the Industrial Revolution.Malthus' "Essay on population" is the contrary of "Wealth of nations" because it deals with the causes of poverty."Principles of political economy and taxation" written by Ricardo,show how wealth was distributed under this system and which were the laws about the distribution of wealth.John Stuart Mill's "Principles of political economy"is about the distinction between the law of production and law of distribution,how the wealth was distributed.
The Industrial Revolution caused a growth of population and a decline in the agricultural population.Toynbee sais that the second effect was caused principally by the destruction of the common field,the closing of common and waste lands and the consolidation of small farms into large.
In this revolution were discovered a lot of mechanical aids in cotton and iron industry like the spinning-jenny,the water-frame,Crompton's mule,the self-acting mule,the power-loom,the pit-coal and the steam-engine.
Toynbee highlights the importance of means of comunication that increase the commerce.For example canal and road system developed throughout England and also the first railroad was built and it facilitated the comunication from city to city.
In the end,Toynbee deals with the difference between master and workman because the first one had got a big wealth on the contrry of the second one.People suffered the rise of prices,expecially the high price of bread(the main food).
Arnold Toynbee's final thesis is that this important revolution produced wealth,but it didn't produce well-being in people except to rich capitalist employers.
In the first paragraph he tells us that the Industrial Revolution is a phenom that tuke place in England in nineteenth century and then in a lot of place of the occidental world,changing the way of living of people.
Toynbee underlines that in those years tuke place the birth of two different system:economic science and socialism.In the second paragraph,the author introduces four great english economists:Adam Smith,Malthus,Ricardo and John Stuart Mill. The first one wrote "Wealth of nations" where he deals with the causes of wealth during the Industrial Revolution.Malthus' "Essay on population" is the contrary of "Wealth of nations" because it deals with the causes of poverty."Principles of political economy and taxation" written by Ricardo,show how wealth was distributed under this system and which were the laws about the distribution of wealth.John Stuart Mill's "Principles of political economy"is about the distinction between the law of production and law of distribution,how the wealth was distributed.
The Industrial Revolution caused a growth of population and a decline in the agricultural population.Toynbee sais that the second effect was caused principally by the destruction of the common field,the closing of common and waste lands and the consolidation of small farms into large.
In this revolution were discovered a lot of mechanical aids in cotton and iron industry like the spinning-jenny,the water-frame,Crompton's mule,the self-acting mule,the power-loom,the pit-coal and the steam-engine.
Toynbee highlights the importance of means of comunication that increase the commerce.For example canal and road system developed throughout England and also the first railroad was built and it facilitated the comunication from city to city.
In the end,Toynbee deals with the difference between master and workman because the first one had got a big wealth on the contrry of the second one.People suffered the rise of prices,expecially the high price of bread(the main food).
Arnold Toynbee's final thesis is that this important revolution produced wealth,but it didn't produce well-being in people except to rich capitalist employers.